这篇内容来自成长文章库,首要进入「认知升级」主题。它还会与 长期主义、学习系统 形成交叉阅读。 阅读时建议先看结构化摘要,再顺着知识页和图谱继续下钻。
你现在的职业状态是在学习还是在赚钱?如果两者兼有,那你就处于一个非常好的状态。如果只是满足其中一个,那也很棒。但如果两者都没有,那就该警醒了。记住,要么在学习,要么在赚钱 。一、学习是你一切的起点学习是你的起点, 而且越早越好。要尽快培养自己的实践能力,这一点至关重要。
你可以选择成为一名创造者,专注于设计、产品和工程;或者成为一名创业者,专攻管理、销售和营销。对于大多数职场新⼈来说, 首要任务就是学习。正如我的朋友史蒂芬·辛诺夫斯基(Windows事业部总裁)所说:“这就像是在吃主食之前先补充蛋⽩质。
” 你可能会问:“ 那么,我该如何开始呢?” 首先,要了解自己 。找出你的兴趣所在,什么能让你乐在其中,什么能让你进入心流状态。一旦你找到了答案,下一步就是去获取相应的技能。
比如,如果你发现自己热爱设计,你是否愿意投入一万个⼩时来精进这项技能?如果你能回答第⼀个问题,第二步就简单了。因为当你真正热爱一件事时,你甚至不会觉得那一万个⼩时有多漫长。你可能还会问:“好的,我懂了。但具体该怎么做呢?” 二、成为一名创业者如果你想成为一名创业者,就必须学会营销或销售。
营销的核⼼在于帮助他⼈阐述他们的问题,并展⽰为什么你的解决方案是最佳选择。如果你看到一个喜欢的产品网站或服务,并且有改进建 议,就自己动手去构建、设计或撰写。然后大胆地给他 们发邮件,主动提出帮助,或者直接把成果发给他们。至于销售,核心就是获取客户。
你可以主动出击,为公司寻找潜在客户,然后把这些客户介绍给创始⼈。这样,他们一定会回复你的邮件,也会记住你。这是一个 绝佳的破冰方式,让你在行业中崭露头角 。三、成为一名创造者如果你想成为一名创造者,那就要动手去创造。自己动手 的能力是强⼤的,它让你不必依赖他人。
找到一个问题,然后构建⼀个最小可行版本来解决它。刚起步时,具体是什么问题可能并不那么重要。很多人在这⼀步犯了踌躇不前的错误,他们在等待完美的问题出现。其实只要是你的软件能真正解决的实际问题就行 。我遇到的一些最优秀的创始人,最初都是从开发成绩册软件起步的。
这并非巧合。因为他们当时还在学校,能接触到对现有成绩册系统不满的⽼师。虽然他们中的许多⼈最终没有留在教育领域, ⽽是在其他行业创立了价值数十亿美元的公司,但他们从开发成绩册软件中学到了宝贵的创业经验。这给我们的启示是:创造只能通过实践来学习。
所以,不要让想法阻碍你迈出第一步。一旦你创造出某个东西, 无论是什么,接下来就是通过 不断迭代来完善它,直到它变得非常出色。当你创造出用户喜爱的产品时,这⽐任何学历证书都更有价值。如果你能展示一个你自己开发的精美应用、 网站或优雅的GitHub代码库,那么你是否毕业于斯坦福大学就不那么重要了。
你的作品本身就能证明你的实⼒,让你一开始就跻身行业前10% ,⽽不需要依赖任何传统的资历。我14岁时得到的第一份工作是给黄页上互联网板块的公司打冷电话。我唯一的资本就是一个获得过设计奖的网站,那是我为初中的地下报纸制作的。后来,我通过发送冷邮件获得了第一份编程工作。
这个方法对我有效,对你也同样适用。⽐尔·盖茨也谈到了如何通过创造和学习来达到卓越。他说道:“花一万个小时做一件事,你就会变得非常擅长。但这并不是简单的线性过程。你可能花了50小时,90%的人就退出了,因为他们不喜欢或不擅长。再花50小时,又有90%的人退出。
**这是一个不断筛选的过程。你不仅要足够幸运,还要有足够的热情坚持下去。
所以,能坚持到一万个小时的人,不仅仅是投入了时间,更是在无数次的选择中坚持了下来。” 比尔·盖茨的观点确实一针见血。所谓的一万小时法则,就是你选择反复钻研同一件事,直到达到精通的境界。这正是学习的真谛。四、赚钱的方式接下来,让我们聊聊赚钱这个话题。
当我提到赚钱时,指的是实打实地把钱装进自己的口袋。你最终能拿到手的是什么?我认为,最佳方式依然是持有股权。要想赚大钱,你需要通过拥有一家高价值公司的股票来创造真正的财富。当你创业之初,你拥有的可能只是一个毫无价值的想法,但随后你将其转化为了实实在在的资产。
在我看来,这是最高级别的赚钱方式,因为这完全源于你的创造。当然,赚取现金也是一种选择。像Facebook和Google这样的公司会给工程师提供数十万美元的现金和股票薪酬。在高层管理者中,年收入达到数千万甚至上亿美元的情况并不罕见。这听起来令人咋舌,但别忘了,Google的年总收入超过1660亿美元。
平均到每个员工头上,年收入就超过120万美元。这无疑是一种令人惊叹的赚钱方式。
然而,这里可能存在一个隐患:如果你在工作中没有得到学习和成长的机会呢?这只是我个人的看法,但对我而言,如果不能不断学习新知识,我就感觉像是在慢慢消亡。如果我身处一个无法学习新事物或提升自身技能的环境,我会感到非常不快。五、金钱就能带来幸福吗?
让我们换个角度来看这个问题:世界上有数以百万计,甚至数十亿的人每天都在做着类似的权衡:用一部分幸福感换取财务上的稳定。我并不是说这种选择就是错误的,毕竟这能让他们照顾好自己和家人,这点很重要。但是,如果你真的想从零开始创造些什么,就必须保持警惕。
你可能会陷入一个循环:赚钱,然后花掉,买更大的房子,更好的车,或者其他更昂贵的东西。随着时间的推移,你会不知不觉地陷入一种消费升级的恶性循环。在你还没意识到的时候,你已经踏上了享乐主义的“跑步机”。问题在于,花钱购买你不需要的东西,并不能带来你所渴望的满足感。
哲学家艾伦·沃茨对此有一番精辟的见解:“金钱永远无法买到真正的快乐。因为快乐的本质不在于挥霍金钱这个权力的象征,而在于自律。举个例子,在我居住的索萨利托,码头上停满了各式各样的豪华游艇和帆船,但几乎无人问津。人们购买这些船只,是因为被广告所蛊惑,以为拥有它们就能获得快乐、地位或其他什么。
然而,他们很快就发现,要真正驾驭一艘船,需要掌握复杂但有趣的航海技术。可惜的是,大多数人都没有时间去学习这些技能。结果,这些昂贵的船只最终只沦为周末鸡尾酒派对的背板。” 如果你有创业的打算,最好还是把钱省下来。豪华游艇、名贵轿车或奢侈服饰可能并不能帮你实现真正的目标。
如果你还年轻,而且一直保持节俭的习惯,那就继续保持下去。你现在省下的每一分钱,都可能成为未来创业或打造个人财富引擎的重要资本。六、“狗屁工作” 最后,我还要特别提醒你一点。有些高薪工作看似光鲜,实则毫无意义,这些可以被称为“狗屁工作”。
占领华尔街运动的知识分子大卫·格雷伯对这类工作的存在原因有独到的见解:“在前苏联,有这样一句俗语:‘我们假装工作,他们假装给我们发工资。’他们创造了许多完全没有必要的工作岗位。这在某种程度上是可以理解的,因为他们奉行全民就业的意识形态。
反观资本主义社会,这种情况本不应该发生。按理说,私营企业绝不会花大价钱雇佣他们并不需要的人。
然而,如果你和大公司的员工聊天,你会发现这种情况其实很普遍。为什么会这样呢?我认为部分原因可以归结为政治压力。就像前苏联有一个中央指令说‘我们需要实现全民就业’一样。虽然他们没有明确要求‘因此要创造岗位’,但他们也没有禁止 这么做。” 这是不是听起来很荒谬?
有时候,薪水越高,工作反而越缺乏意义。人生只有一次,太短暂了,不应该浪费在那些虽然能让你生活舒适,但无法让你感到充实的事情上。记住,如果你选择了自己热爱的工作,你就永远不会感觉自己在“工作” 。如果你对现在的工作既不能学到东西,又没有热情,那么一旦你积累了足够的资金,就应该考虑离开,去追求真正的理想。
七、如何一边学习一边赚钱接下来,让我们谈谈“边学习边赚钱”这个话题。我可以明确地说,这是最理想的状态。如果你创办自己的公司,或者足够早地加入一家创业公司,你就有机会在赚钱的同时不断学习 。对创始人来说,这是一个简单的道理。当你创办一家公司时,你最初拥有全部的股份。
虽然此时公司可能还一文不值,但你的任务就是让它变得有价值。如果你成功地找到了产品与市场的契合点,你的公司可能会达到数千万、数亿甚至数十亿美元的估值。假设你那时持有公司10%到30%的股份,你很可能一跃成为亿万富翁或至少是百万富翁。这听起来简直不可思议,对吧?
即便是普通员工,如果你持有公司0.25%到2%或更多的股份,也可能获得丰厚的回报。而且,相比创始人,你承担的风险可能要小得多。虽然早期加入公司意味着你获得的股权可能较少,但你也不必从公司一文不值的阶段开始打拼。如果公司发展迅速,这仍然可能是一笔相当不错的交易。
回想我在Palantir工作的日子,我一边学习如何管理团队、从零开始打造产品,一边在这家最终估值400亿美元的公司积累股权。后来在Y Combinator工作时,我不仅学习如何成为一名投资者,如何与最早期的创业公司合作,还有机会分享硅谷最有价值的一些投资收益。
如今,作为自己风险投资公司的创始人和管理合伙人,我每天都在学习和赚钱。我有幸接触到许多创始人,从他们面临的挑战中汲取宝贵的经验。八、警惕既无法学习又无法赚钱的工作环境最后,我想谈谈那些既无法学习又无法赚钱的工作环境。可能是在传统企业或咨询公司工作,没有股权,薪水又低;
更糟糕的是,你可能正在一家前景暗淡的创业公司里挣扎。如果你正处于这种情况,我由衷地感到遗憾。这让我想起了大学三年级时的一段实习经历。我通过斯坦福大学的招聘会得到了一份创业公司的实习机会,那时的我还没有在糟糕的创业公司工作的经验。这是一家企业软件创业公司,虽然已经获得了融资,但似乎一直无法成功签下客户。
创始人们大部分时间都在出差,而我那个夏天忙得不可开交,制作营销材料、设计模型、开发原型、准备截图用于销售演示。
然而,整个夏天公司都没能完成一单生意。我想,他们可能始终都没能做成过一笔交易。最终,这家创业公司倒闭了。作为一名实习生,我既没赚到多少钱,也没学到多少东西。基本上可以说是白忙活一场。那段时间,我的生活就是吃麦当劳、看香港电影。这可以说是那些表现不佳的创业公司的一个不为人知的真相。
如果你发现自己处于类似境地,我觉得你真的应该考虑离开。如果你既没有学到东西,又没有机会获得股权或者高额的薪水,特别是当这份工作既不有趣也没有意义时,你就应该果断辞职。那么,在职业生涯中,我们应该如何安排这些事情的优先顺序呢?我的建议是:
先学习,再赚钱,这是最佳策略。如果你试图颠倒这个顺序,先追求金钱,虽然你可能还是会学到一些东西,但学习的过程可能会很缓慢,而且你可能会错过一些重要的机会。这样做的代价可能会很高。更糟糕的是,你可能会陷入那种永无止境的物质追求中,就像在享乐主义的跑步机上不断奔跑。
请始终牢记,如果你在现在的岗位上既学不到东西又赚不到钱,那就应该及时规划你的出路,寻找一个能让你学习或赚钱的地方。
最后,我想引用蒂姆·库克谈及他从普通员工到苹果CEO这段职业旅程时说过的一段话:“ 对我来说,这段旅程完全是不可预测的。这让我想起林肯的一句名言:‘你唯一能做的,就是做好准备。’” 以下是中文稿件+英文稿件:
“你是在学习还是在赚钱呢?如果两者兼顾,那你所处的境况很棒。如果只是侧重于其中一方面,那也不错。但要是两者皆无,那你就该做出改变了。不然就是在浪费生命。要么学习,要么赚钱。如果你聪明、勤奋、有能力,并且想要更多地了解如何取得成功,甚至想知道如何打造一家价值数十亿美元的初创企业,那就马上点击订阅并按下铃铛图标吧。
我们每周都会在这里分享相关内容。现在就让我们开始吧。”[音乐]
学习是你需要尽早尽快开启的事。擅长做事很重要,这意味着要么成为创造者(也就是从事设计、产品开发以及工程相关工作),要么成为实干者(从事管理、销售以及市场营销工作)。大多数刚开始职业生涯的人确实首先需要专注于学习。我的朋友史蒂文・辛诺夫斯基说,这就好比是碳水化合物之前的蛋白质(先打好基础的意思)。
好吧,你可能会问,那实际要怎么开始呢?首先要了解自己。你喜欢什么?你热衷于什么?什么能让你进入心流状态呢?其次,一旦你弄清楚了这些,你就需要去习得相应的技能。一旦你知道自己热爱设计,你能花上一万个小时去让自己真正在这方面变得出类拔萃吗?嗯,如果你能回答好第一部分的问题,那第二部分就容易了,因为你甚至都不会感觉到这一万个小时的漫长,你只会沉浸于做这件事当中。
“好吧,好吧,我懂了。不对,说真的,我具体该怎么做呢?” 你可能会问。嗯,如果你想成为一名实干者,那你就得学会营销或者销售。营销就是帮助他人讲清楚他们面临的问题以及他们的解决方案为何是最佳的。如果你看到某个产品、网站或者服务,并且你觉得有可以改进的地方,那你就得自己动手去打造它、设计它或者撰写相关内容,然后给对方发一封冷邮件,提议帮他们做这件事,或者直接做好了发给他们。
而销售则是关于争取客户的事。
所以,主动去争取客户吧,甚至都不用问,把客户介绍给创始人,他们总会接受你的邮件的,也总会记住你。这是进入这个领域的好办法。
另一方面,如果你是一名创造者,那你就得去动手创造。自己有能力去做这件事是很有力量的,而不用依赖他人。找到一个要解决的问题,然后打造出能解决该问题的首个版本。在刚开始的时候,这个问题具体是什么其实可能并不重要。很多人在这一步上会纠结。他们等着找到那个完全完美的问题。
但其实它只需要是一个你的软件确实能够解决的实际问题就行。我所见过的一些最优秀的创始人一开始是制作成绩册软件,这绝非偶然,因为当时他们还在上学,能接触到那些对成绩册感到不满的老师。他们中的很多人后来并没有留在教育领域,而是在许多其他领域打造出了价值数十亿美元的公司,但他们是从制作成绩册软件的过程中学会了创造。
这是个很好的经验教训。创造这件事,你只有通过实践才能学会。
所以不要让想法阻碍了你迈出第一步。一旦你创造出了某个东西,不管是什么,那就反复打磨让它能运转起来,把它变成真正出色的成果。当你创造出了让用户喜爱的亮眼成果时,这可比一纸证书有用多了。就算你没上过斯坦福大学也没关系,只要你能拿出自己创建的精美应用程序、网站或者有着精妙代码的 GitHub 代码库,那你就已经做出了一件几乎总能让你一开始就跻身前 10% 佼佼者行列的事,即便你没有相关证书。
我 14 岁的时候,通过拨打黄页上互联网板块的电话找到了我的第一份工作。我当时有一个获过设计奖的网站,是我初中地下报纸的网站。在那之后,我通过发冷邮件找到了我的第一份编程工作。这办法对我有用,对你也会有用的。以下是比尔・盖茨对于创造以及学习如何在这些方面变得出色所需要付出的努力的精准阐述。
“如果你花一万个小时做某件事,你就会在这件事上非常擅长。我觉得实际情况不完全是那样。实际情况是,大约做 50 个小时后,90% 的人就放弃了,因为他们不喜欢或者做得不好。然后再做 50 个小时,又有 90% 的人放弃了。
所以会不断出现这样的循环。而且你得足够幸运,同时还要足够狂热才能坚持下去。
所以最终能坚持一万个小时的人,可不只是单纯花了一万个小时去做这件事的人,而是多次做出选择并且被选中(坚持下来)的人。”
比尔・盖茨在这点上说的完全正确。所谓学习,就是你选择反复做同一件事,直至在这件事上变得出色,这就是一万个小时定律的意义所在。
接下来咱们谈谈赚钱的事。我所说的赚钱是什么意思呢?嗯,我指的是把钱装进自己的口袋。你实际能拿到手多少钱呢?我认为,最好的赚钱方式还是股权。要想赚大钱,你需要通过持有一家变得很值钱的公司的股份来创造真正的财富。在你创立公司之初,你拥有的是某个一文不值的东西的 100% 股权,但之后你把它变成了有价值的东西。
在我看来,这就是赚钱的最高形式,因为是你创造出来的价值。当然了,你也可以赚现金。脸书和谷歌会给工程师支付数十万美元的现金和股票。在高层,高管们赚到数千万甚至数亿美元也并不罕见。这很惊人。但要记住,谷歌的总营收超过了 1660 亿美元。如果除以 13.5 万名员工,那平均每名员工创造的营收超过了 120 万美元。
这是一种很棒的赚钱方式。
但有时候也有个问题。要是你没在学习可怎么办呢?我得说,这只是我个人的看法,对我来说,我觉得我得不断学习新东西才行。不然我感觉自己就像行尸走肉一般。要是处在一个没办法学习新事物、没办法提升自己技能和能力的地方,我会非常不开心的。话虽如此,咱们退一步来看,全球有数百万甚至数十亿人每天都在做这样的权衡,用一部分幸福感去换取财务上的稳定。
我不是说这种情况不好,他们能够照顾好自己和所爱的人,这很重要。但如果你真的想白手起家去创造一番事业,那你就得小心了。你可能会陷入这样一个循环:赚钱然后花钱去买更大的房子、更好的车子或者更昂贵的东西。随着时间推移,你会花越来越多的钱,不知不觉就陷入了 “享乐跑步机”(指不断追求物质享受却无法真正满足的状态)。
而且花钱买自己其实并不想要的东西,棘手之处就在于这些东西并不能给你带来真正想要的满足感。以下是哲学家艾伦・沃茨对此的精准论述。
“钱永远买不来快乐,因为所有的快乐并非取决于放下金钱这种权力的象征,而是取决于自律。
换句话说,在我居住的索萨利托,我们有一个又一个码头,停满了各种漂亮的船只,摩托艇、帆船等等,但却没人使用,因为人们听信了广告宣传,以为买了这些东西就能获得快乐、拥有地位或者别的什么。但随后他们突然发现,拥有一艘船需要航海技能,这很难但却很有收获,结果就是没人有时间去摆弄船了,他们只是在周末的时候在船上开鸡尾酒会而已。
”
如果你知道自己想要创办一家初创企业,那就把钱攒起来。那艘船、那辆豪车或者那些昂贵的衣服很可能并不会帮你达成目标。如果你还年轻且比较节俭,那就不要改变自己的生活方式。你花出去的钱需要攒起来,这样你就能把时间投入到创办自己的初创企业或者打造自己的财富引擎上了。
我还要给你提个重要的醒。有时候,那些高薪但却感觉毫无意义的工作就是些虚职。以下是 “占领华尔街” 运动的知识分子大卫・格雷伯谈论这类工作存在原因的内容。
“在苏联,人们过去常说,‘我们假装工作,他们假装给我们发工资’。他们会编造出一些完全没必要的工作。这是说得通的,因为他们秉持着充分就业的理念。但另一方面,在资本主义社会,这本不该发生的呀。私营企业绝不会雇佣一个他们实际上并不需要的人,还给他高薪。
但事实上,如果你和那些在大公司工作的人聊聊,就会发现这种情况经常发生。这是怎么回事呢?我觉得部分原因得归结于政治压力。从某种程度上来说,就好比苏联有要求充分就业的中央指令,他们没说要去编造工作岗位,对吧?但也没说不要这么做。这不是很奇怪吗?
”
有时候,工资越高,工作实际上可能越没意义。人就这一辈子,生命太短暂了,不要把时间浪费在那些你觉得没成就感的事情上,即便这些事可能会让你过得舒服些。嘿,你得记住,如果你选择了一份自己热爱的工作,那你这辈子都不会觉得自己是在工作。如果你既没学到东西又不热爱这份工作,那等你赚够了钱可以跳槽的时候,或许就该离开了。
现在咱们来谈谈学习和赚钱两者的关系。如果还不够明显的话,我得说,如果你创办一家公司或者能较早进入一家公司,那是最好不过的了,这样你就能在赚钱的同时学习。对于创始人来说,这道理很简单。作为创始人,在你创立公司时,你拥有整个公司 100% 的股份。
在那个时候,公司可能一文不值,但你要去把它变得有价值。如果你能成功实现产品与市场的契合,那你的公司可能会以数千万、数亿甚至数十亿美元的价格被收购。到那时,如果你拥有公司 10% 到 30% 的股份,那你就有可能成为百万富翁甚至亿万富翁。
这挺不可思议的。
对于员工来说,你可能会拥有 0.25%(25 个基点)到 2% 甚至更多的股份。这仍然可能是个非常好的结果,而且你可能都不用冒太大的风险。而且入职早意味着你虽然可能获得的股权少些,但公司可不是从一文不值的时候起步的呀。这仍然可能是笔很棒的买卖,尤其是如果公司发展得非常快的话。
我在帕兰提尔(Palantir)工作的时候,我在学习如何管理团队以及如何从零开始打造产品,同时也在赚取后来成为一家价值 400 亿美元公司的股权。我在 Y Combinator 工作的时候,我在学习如何成为一名投资者以及如何在最早阶段与初创企业合作,同时我也作为那家投资公司的一员赚取了硅谷最有价值的附带权益。
而现在,作为我自己的风险投资公司的创始人和管理合伙人,我每天都在学习和赚钱。我每天都能从所接触的创始人以及他们遇到的问题中学到东西。
说到 YouTube,我做这个就是出于兴趣。我把这个频道的收益捐赠给像 “代码 2040” 这样的非营利组织。所以在这里我虽然没赚钱,但从你们所有人身上学到了很多东西。所以请继续留言和发私信吧。了解你们觉得有共鸣、对你们有帮助的内容,对我来说是最有助于学习的事了。
最后,有些地方你根本没办法学习或者赚钱。可能是在非科技公司、咨询公司工作,拿着低薪还没有股权,更糟糕的是,你可能在一家糟糕的初创企业工作。如果这说的就是你的情况,那真的很遗憾。我记得我大三那年在一家初创企业实习,我是通过斯坦福职业招聘会得到的这个实习机会,在那之前我从没在糟糕的初创企业工作过。
那是一家企业软件初创企业,融到了钱,但似乎从来没能拿下客户。创始人花了大量时间出差,我那个夏天做了很多工作,制作营销材料、模型、原型以及用于销售演示的截图,但他们一个单子都没谈成。整个夏天都是这样,我觉得他们从来就没谈成过生意。那家初创企业倒闭了,我没赚到多少钱,因为实习生本来工资就不高,而且我也没学到多少东西。
基本就是白干了一场。我吃了好多麦当劳,还看了好多香港电影。这差不多就是糟糕初创企业的隐秘真相了。我不想这么说,但如果你处在这样的情况中,那你就应该离开。如果你学不到东西,又没办法获得股权,甚至连一份不错的薪水都没有,而且这份工作还没什么乐趣、没什么意义,那你就得辞职了。
[音乐]
那么这些事到底该按什么顺序来做呢?以下是我的建议:先学习,再赚钱。这是最佳策略。如果你试图反其道而行之,先去赚钱,那你可能也还是会学习,但或许学得很慢,而且你都不知道自己会放弃什么。这可能会付出很大代价。而且你还可能陷入 “享乐跑步机” 的状态无法自拔。
永远要记住,如果你既没在学习也没在赚钱,那你就得计划好离开,去一个能让你学习或者赚钱的地方。我很喜欢蒂姆・库克谈论他从起步到成为苹果首席执行官这段历程时说的一段话。
“对我来说,这段历程完全不可预测。嗯,这有点像林肯说的那句话,我认为你唯一能做的就是做好准备。”
这就是本周的全部内容了。如果你想了解其他初创企业相关的话题,比如融资后该怎么做,或者如果你从没做过设计,想知道该如何入手,那就去看看我频道上最新的视频吧,我在里面深入探讨了这些话题以及很多其他内容。每周都会有新视频发布,所以别错过哦。马上点击订阅并按下铃铛图标吧。打开 YouTube 的推送通知,这样我每次发布视频你都会收到提醒。感谢观看,咱们下周再见。
"Are you learning or are you earning?If both,you're in a great place. If it's one or the other,that's good too. If it's neither,
it's time to move on. You're wasting your life. Learn or earn. And if you're smart,hardworking,capable,and want to learn more about being successful and maybe even how to build a billion-dollar startup,
click subscribe and hit the bell icon right now. It's what we do every week right here. Let's get started."
Learning is where you need to start as early as possible and as quick as possible. It's important to become good at doing things,
and that means either being a maker (which means design,product,and engineering) or being a hustler (management,sales,
and marketing). The majority of people starting out in their careers really need to focus on learning first. My friend Steven Sinovsky says this is the protein before the carbs.
All right, you say. How do you actually start?Well, first is learning about yourself. What do you like?What do you enjoy?
What allows you to enter a state of flow?And then second,once you know that,you need to acquire those skills. Once you know you love design,
can you spend the 10,000 hours it takes to become truly great at it?Well,if you answer that first part,the second part comes easy because you won't even feel the 10,
000 hours. You'll just love doing it.
Okay, okay. I got it. No, really. What do I do?You ask. Well,if you want to be a hustler,you got to learn to market or sell. Marketing is about helping other people communicate their problem and how their solution is the best. If you see a product,
website,or service that you like and you have some improvements you can suggest,you gotta build it or design it or write it yourself and then cold email them,
offer to do it,or just do it and send it to them. Sales,on the other hand,is about getting customers. So go get those customers without even asking. Send those customers to a founder,and they'll always take your email. They'll always remember you. It's a great way to break in.
If you're a builder,on the other hand,well,you've got to build. There's power in being able to do that yourself and not rely on others. Find a problem to solve and then build a first version that solves that problem. When you're starting out,
it sort of maybe doesn't even matter what that problem exactly is. A lot of people get hung up on this step. They wait for the exact perfect problem. It just has to be a real problem that your software can actually solve. It's no mistake that some of the best founders I've met started off by making gradebook software because they were still in school and they had access to teachers who were frustrated with their grade books. Many of them didn't stay in that education space. They ended up making billion-dollar companies in lots of other spaces,
but they learned to create in grade book software. It's a great lesson. Creating,you can only learn by doing. So don't let the idea get in the way of you starting. Once you create something,
anything,then iterate to make it work and turn it into something really good. When you create something impressive that users love,
it's better than a credential. It doesn't matter if you didn't go to Stanford. If you can point to a beautiful app or website or Github repo with elegant code that you created,
you have done a thing that will almost always set you up to be a top 10 percent player off the bat with no credentials.
When I was 14,I got my first job cold calling the yellow pages in the internet section. And what I had was a website I could point to that had won design awards. It was for my junior high school underground newspaper. You know,
after that,I cold emailed my way to my first coding job. It worked for me,and it'll work for you. Here's Bill Gates talking exactly about this,
what it takes to create and learn how to be great at those things.
"If you spend 10,000 hours doing something,you'll be super good at it. I don't think that's quite uh,it's quite as similar as that. What you do is you do about 50 hours and 90% drop out because they don't like it or they're not good. You know,
they do another 50 hours and 90% drop out. So there's these constant cycles. And you do have to be lucky enough but also fanatical enough to keep going. So the person who makes it to ten thousand hours is not just somebody who's done it for ten thousand hours. There's somebody who's chosen and been chosen in many different times."
Bill Gates is absolutely right here. It's the 10,000 hours where you choose to do the same thing over and over again until you become great at it. That is learning.
Let's talk about earning. What do I mean by earning?Well, I mean putting money in your pocket. What do you actually take home?
The best way to do it,I think,is still equity. To make the most amount of money,you need to create true wealth by owning the stock of a company that became worth a lot of money. And when you started it,
you owned a hundred percent of something that wasn't worth anything,but then you made it something. In my book,this is the highest form of earning because you made it. But of course,you can also earn cash. Facebook and Google pay engineers hundreds of thousands of dollars in cash and stock. And at the high end,
it's not unusual for execs to make tens or hundreds of millions of dollars. That's crazy. But remember that Google made over $166 billion in total revenue. If you divide that out by 135,
000 employees,that's over $1.2 million per employee in revenue. That's an amazing way to earn.
But sometimes there's a catch. What if you're not learning?I gotta say this is my opinion and my opinion alone,but for me,
I feel like I need to be learning something. Otherwise,I'm dying. I'd be pretty unhappy in a place where I didn't get to learn about new things or grow my skills and abilities. That being said,
let's take a step back. Millions if not billions of people on the planet make this trade-off every day,trading a portion of their happiness for financial stability. I'm not saying this is a bad situation. They can take care of themselves and their loved ones,
and that's important. But if you really want to take steps to create things from nothing,you got to be careful. You might end up in a cycle:
earn money to spend it to get a bigger house or car or nicer things. You'll spend more money and more money over time,
and before you know it,you're running on a hedonic treadmill.
And the tricky thing about spending money to buy things that you don't want is they don't give you the satisfaction you really want. Here's philosopher Alan Watts talking about exactly that.
"Money never could buy pleasure because all pleasures depend upon not putting down a symbol of power,money,but upon disciplines. In other words,now in Sausalito where I live,uh,
we have pier after pier full of fine boats,motor cruisers,sailing boats,all sorts of things which nobody ever uses because they've been brought on the uh,
falling for the ad line that if you buy this thing,you will have pleasure,you will have status,you will have something or other. But then they suddenly discover that having a boat requires the art of seamanship which is difficult but rewarding. Therefore,
nobody has time for it,and all they do with the boats is have cocktail parties on them at the weekend."
If you know you want to create a startup,save the money. That boat or nice car or expensive clothes probably won't get you all the way to where you want to be. If you're young and still thrifty,
don't change your lifestyle. That money you spend needs to be saved so that you can invest your time in creating your own startup or your own wealth engine.
I have one other big warning for you. Sometimes these high-paying jobs that feel meaningless are jobs. Here's David Graber,
an intellectual of the Occupy Wall Street movement,talking about why some of these jobs exist.
"In the Soviet Union,they used to say,well,you know,we pretend to work and they pretend to pay us. They make up jobs which are completely unnecessary. That makes sense because they had an ideology of full employment. On the other hand,
capitalism,that's exactly the thing that isn't supposed to happen. A private firm would never hire someone and put out good money to someone who they don't actually need. But in fact,if you talk to people who work for large corporations,
they do it all the time. How does that happen?I think part of it has to be explained by political pressure. And in a way,
just as in the Soviet Union there was a central directive saying we need full employment. They didn't say,therefore,make up jobs,right?
But they didn't say don't do it. Isn't that weird?"
Sometimes the more you get paid,the more meaningless the job actually becomes. You only get one life. It's too short to waste on things that you don't find fulfilling,
even though they might make you comfortable. Hey,you gotta remember,if you choose a job you love,you'll never have to work a day in your life. If you don't learn and you don't love it,you might have to leave once you earn enough to take the leap.
Now let's talk about learning and earning. If it wasn't obvious already,it's the best if you start a company or are early enough. You can learn while you earn. For founders,
this is easy math. As a founder,when you start a company,you start off with 100% of the pie. The pie might be worth zero at that moment,
but you're gonna go make it worth something. If you do manage to get to product-market fit,you could have a company with an exit in the tens of millions,hundreds of millions,
or billions of dollars. If you own 10 to 30 percent of that company by then,you could be a cent to millionaire to billionaire. That's pretty crazy.
For employees,you might have 25 basis points (0.25%) up to 2% or more. It can still be an outrageously good outcome,and you might not even have to take as big a risk. And being early means you might get less equity,
but you're not starting at a point where the company is literally worth nothing. It can still be an amazing deal,especially if the company is growing very fast. When I was at Palantir,I was learning how to run teams and how to build product from scratch,
but also earning equity in what ended up becoming a $40 billion company. When I worked at Y Combinator,I was learning to be an investor and learning how to work with startups at the earliest possible stage,
but I was also earning some of the most valuable carry that exists in Silicon Valley as a part of that investment firm. And I'm learning and earning every day now as the founder and managing partner of my own venture capital firm. I learn every day from founders that I get to meet and the problems that they run across.
When it comes to YouTube,I'm doing this for fun. I donate the proceeds from this channel to non-profits like Code 2040. So while I don't earn here,
I do learn a ton from all of you. So keep the comments and DMs coming. Hearing what resonates for you and helps you is what helps me learn the most of all.
Finally,there are places where you don't get to do learning or earning at all. It might be working at a non-tech company,
a consulting firm,and you're getting no equity in a low pay or what's worse,you might be working at a bad startup. Really sorry if that's true for you. I remember working for a startup as an intern my junior year of college. I got the internship through the Stanford career fair,
and I'd never worked at a bad startup before by then. It was an enterprise software startup that raised money but never seemed to close customers. The founders spent a lot of time on business trips,
and I did a lot of work that summer creating marketing material,mock-ups,and prototypes and screenshots to use in sales pitches,
but they didn't close an entire sale. My whole summer,I don't think they ever did. The startup died,and I didn't earn much because interns don't get paid a lot,
but I didn't learn very much either. It was basically a wash. I ate a lot of McDonald's and watched a lot of Hong Kong movies. This is sort of the secret truth of bad startups. And I hate to say it,
but if you're in a situation like that,you should leave. If you're not learning,you don't have a way to earn equity or even a good salary,
and especially if it's not fun or meaningful for you,you gotta quit. [Music]
So what order do you do all these things in?Here's what I recommend:learn first,then earn. That's the best strategy. If you try and do it in reverse and you try to earn first,
you'll probably still learn,but maybe slowly,and you don't know what you're going to give up. It might come at a great cost. And you also might get trapped in that hedonic treadmill. Always remember,
if you're not learning or earning,you got to plot your exit to a place where you can just to close it out. I like this snippet of Tim Cook talking about his journey from where he started to the CEO of Apple.
"For me, the journey was not predictable at all. Uh, and the it goes sort of back to the Lincoln quote. The only thing I believe you can do is prepare."
So that's it for this week. If you want to learn about other startup topics like what to do after you raise money or how to do design if you've never done it before,
check out the latest videos on my channel where I dive into those topics and tons of other stuff. New videos here every single week,
so don't miss them. Click subscribe and the bell icon right now. Turn on notifications for YouTube,and you're gonna get a little notification every time I post. Thanks for watching,and I will see you next week.
亿万富翁分享最理想职业状态是边学习边赚钱。
你现在的职业状态是在学习还是在赚钱?如果两者兼有,那你就处于一个非常好的状态。如果只是满足其中一个,那也很棒。但如果两者都没有,那就该警醒了。记住,要么在学习,要么在赚钱 。一、学习是你一切的起点学习是你的起点, 而且越早越好。要尽快培养自己的实践能力,这一点至关重要。
你可以选择成为一名创造者,专注于设计、产品和工程;或者成为一名创业者,专攻管理、销售和营销。对于大多数职场新⼈来说, 首要任务就是学习。正如我的朋友史蒂芬·辛诺夫斯基(Windows事业部总裁)所说:“这就像是在吃主食之前先补充蛋⽩质。
” 你可能会问:“ 那么,我该如何开始呢?” 首先,要了解自己 。找出你的兴趣所在,什么能让你乐在其中,什么能让你进入心流状态。一旦你找到了答案,下一步就是去获取相应的技能。
比如,如果你发现自己热爱设计,你是否愿意投入一万个⼩时来精进这项技能?如果你能回答第⼀个问题,第二步就简单了。因为当你真正热爱一件事时,你甚至不会觉得那一万个⼩时有多漫长。你可能还会问:“好的,我懂了。但具体该怎么做呢?” 二、成为一名创业者如果你想成为一名创业者,就必须学会营销或销售。
营销的核⼼在于帮助他⼈阐述他们的问题,并展⽰为什么你的解决方案是最佳选择。如果你看到一个喜欢的产品网站或服务,并且有改进建 议,就自己动手去构建、设计或撰写。然后大胆地给他 们发邮件,主动提出帮助,或者直接把成果发给他们。至于销售,核心就是获取客户。
你可以主动出击,为公司寻找潜在客户,然后把这些客户介绍给创始⼈。这样,他们一定会回复你的邮件,也会记住你。这是一个 绝佳的破冰方式,让你在行业中崭露头角 。三、成为一名创造者如果你想成为一名创造者,那就要动手去创造。自己动手 的能力是强⼤的,它让你不必依赖他人。
找到一个问题,然后构建⼀个最小可行版本来解决它。刚起步时,具体是什么问题可能并不那么重要。很多人在这⼀步犯了踌躇不前的错误,他们在等待完美的问题出现。其实只要是你的软件能真正解决的实际问题就行 。我遇到的一些最优秀的创始人,最初都是从开发成绩册软件起步的。
这并非巧合。因为他们当时还在学校,能接触到对现有成绩册系统不满的⽼师。虽然他们中的许多⼈最终没有留在教育领域, ⽽是在其他行业创立了价值数十亿美元的公司,但他们从开发成绩册软件中学到了宝贵的创业经验。这给我们的启示是:创造只能通过实践来学习。
所以,不要让想法阻碍你迈出第一步。一旦你创造出某个东西, 无论是什么,接下来就是通过 不断迭代来完善它,直到它变得非常出色。当你创造出用户喜爱的产品时,这⽐任何学历证书都更有价值。如果你能展示一个你自己开发的精美应用、 网站或优雅的GitHub代码库,那么你是否毕业于斯坦福大学就不那么重要了。
你的作品本身就能证明你的实⼒,让你一开始就跻身行业前10% ,⽽不需要依赖任何传统的资历。我14岁时得到的第一份工作是给黄页上互联网板块的公司打冷电话。我唯一的资本就是一个获得过设计奖的网站,那是我为初中的地下报纸制作的。后来,我通过发送冷邮件获得了第一份编程工作。
这个方法对我有效,对你也同样适用。⽐尔·盖茨也谈到了如何通过创造和学习来达到卓越。他说道:“花一万个小时做一件事,你就会变得非常擅长。但这并不是简单的线性过程。你可能花了50小时,90%的人就退出了,因为他们不喜欢或不擅长。再花50小时,又有90%的人退出。
**这是一个不断筛选的过程。你不仅要足够幸运,还要有足够的热情坚持下去。
所以,能坚持到一万个小时的人,不仅仅是投入了时间,更是在无数次的选择中坚持了下来。” 比尔·盖茨的观点确实一针见血。所谓的一万小时法则,就是你选择反复钻研同一件事,直到达到精通的境界。这正是学习的真谛。四、赚钱的方式接下来,让我们聊聊赚钱这个话题。
当我提到赚钱时,指的是实打实地把钱装进自己的口袋。你最终能拿到手的是什么?我认为,最佳方式依然是持有股权。要想赚大钱,你需要通过拥有一家高价值公司的股票来创造真正的财富。当你创业之初,你拥有的可能只是一个毫无价值的想法,但随后你将其转化为了实实在在的资产。
在我看来,这是最高级别的赚钱方式,因为这完全源于你的创造。当然,赚取现金也是一种选择。像Facebook和Google这样的公司会给工程师提供数十万美元的现金和股票薪酬。在高层管理者中,年收入达到数千万甚至上亿美元的情况并不罕见。这听起来令人咋舌,但别忘了,Google的年总收入超过1660亿美元。
平均到每个员工头上,年收入就超过120万美元。这无疑是一种令人惊叹的赚钱方式。
然而,这里可能存在一个隐患:如果你在工作中没有得到学习和成长的机会呢?这只是我个人的看法,但对我而言,如果不能不断学习新知识,我就感觉像是在慢慢消亡。如果我身处一个无法学习新事物或提升自身技能的环境,我会感到非常不快。五、金钱就能带来幸福吗?
让我们换个角度来看这个问题:世界上有数以百万计,甚至数十亿的人每天都在做着类似的权衡:用一部分幸福感换取财务上的稳定。我并不是说这种选择就是错误的,毕竟这能让他们照顾好自己和家人,这点很重要。但是,如果你真的想从零开始创造些什么,就必须保持警惕。
你可能会陷入一个循环:赚钱,然后花掉,买更大的房子,更好的车,或者其他更昂贵的东西。随着时间的推移,你会不知不觉地陷入一种消费升级的恶性循环。在你还没意识到的时候,你已经踏上了享乐主义的“跑步机”。问题在于,花钱购买你不需要的东西,并不能带来你所渴望的满足感。
哲学家艾伦·沃茨对此有一番精辟的见解:“金钱永远无法买到真正的快乐。因为快乐的本质不在于挥霍金钱这个权力的象征,而在于自律。举个例子,在我居住的索萨利托,码头上停满了各式各样的豪华游艇和帆船,但几乎无人问津。人们购买这些船只,是因为被广告所蛊惑,以为拥有它们就能获得快乐、地位或其他什么。
然而,他们很快就发现,要真正驾驭一艘船,需要掌握复杂但有趣的航海技术。可惜的是,大多数人都没有时间去学习这些技能。结果,这些昂贵的船只最终只沦为周末鸡尾酒派对的背板。” 如果你有创业的打算,最好还是把钱省下来。豪华游艇、名贵轿车或奢侈服饰可能并不能帮你实现真正的目标。
如果你还年轻,而且一直保持节俭的习惯,那就继续保持下去。你现在省下的每一分钱,都可能成为未来创业或打造个人财富引擎的重要资本。六、“狗屁工作” 最后,我还要特别提醒你一点。有些高薪工作看似光鲜,实则毫无意义,这些可以被称为“狗屁工作”。
占领华尔街运动的知识分子大卫·格雷伯对这类工作的存在原因有独到的见解:“在前苏联,有这样一句俗语:‘我们假装工作,他们假装给我们发工资。’他们创造了许多完全没有必要的工作岗位。这在某种程度上是可以理解的,因为他们奉行全民就业的意识形态。
反观资本主义社会,这种情况本不应该发生。按理说,私营企业绝不会花大价钱雇佣他们并不需要的人。
然而,如果你和大公司的员工聊天,你会发现这种情况其实很普遍。为什么会这样呢?我认为部分原因可以归结为政治压力。就像前苏联有一个中央指令说‘我们需要实现全民就业’一样。虽然他们没有明确要求‘因此要创造岗位’,但他们也没有禁止 这么做。” 这是不是听起来很荒谬?
有时候,薪水越高,工作反而越缺乏意义。人生只有一次,太短暂了,不应该浪费在那些虽然能让你生活舒适,但无法让你感到充实的事情上。记住,如果你选择了自己热爱的工作,你就永远不会感觉自己在“工作” 。如果你对现在的工作既不能学到东西,又没有热情,那么一旦你积累了足够的资金,就应该考虑离开,去追求真正的理想。
七、如何一边学习一边赚钱接下来,让我们谈谈“边学习边赚钱”这个话题。我可以明确地说,这是最理想的状态。如果你创办自己的公司,或者足够早地加入一家创业公司,你就有机会在赚钱的同时不断学习 。对创始人来说,这是一个简单的道理。当你创办一家公司时,你最初拥有全部的股份。
虽然此时公司可能还一文不值,但你的任务就是让它变得有价值。如果你成功地找到了产品与市场的契合点,你的公司可能会达到数千万、数亿甚至数十亿美元的估值。假设你那时持有公司10%到30%的股份,你很可能一跃成为亿万富翁或至少是百万富翁。这听起来简直不可思议,对吧?
即便是普通员工,如果你持有公司0.25%到2%或更多的股份,也可能获得丰厚的回报。而且,相比创始人,你承担的风险可能要小得多。虽然早期加入公司意味着你获得的股权可能较少,但你也不必从公司一文不值的阶段开始打拼。如果公司发展迅速,这仍然可能是一笔相当不错的交易。
回想我在Palantir工作的日子,我一边学习如何管理团队、从零开始打造产品,一边在这家最终估值400亿美元的公司积累股权。后来在Y Combinator工作时,我不仅学习如何成为一名投资者,如何与最早期的创业公司合作,还有机会分享硅谷最有价值的一些投资收益。
如今,作为自己风险投资公司的创始人和管理合伙人,我每天都在学习和赚钱。我有幸接触到许多创始人,从他们面临的挑战中汲取宝贵的经验。八、警惕既无法学习又无法赚钱的工作环境最后,我想谈谈那些既无法学习又无法赚钱的工作环境。可能是在传统企业或咨询公司工作,没有股权,薪水又低;
更糟糕的是,你可能正在一家前景暗淡的创业公司里挣扎。如果你正处于这种情况,我由衷地感到遗憾。这让我想起了大学三年级时的一段实习经历。我通过斯坦福大学的招聘会得到了一份创业公司的实习机会,那时的我还没有在糟糕的创业公司工作的经验。这是一家企业软件创业公司,虽然已经获得了融资,但似乎一直无法成功签下客户。
创始人们大部分时间都在出差,而我那个夏天忙得不可开交,制作营销材料、设计模型、开发原型、准备截图用于销售演示。
然而,整个夏天公司都没能完成一单生意。我想,他们可能始终都没能做成过一笔交易。最终,这家创业公司倒闭了。作为一名实习生,我既没赚到多少钱,也没学到多少东西。基本上可以说是白忙活一场。那段时间,我的生活就是吃麦当劳、看香港电影。这可以说是那些表现不佳的创业公司的一个不为人知的真相。
如果你发现自己处于类似境地,我觉得你真的应该考虑离开。如果你既没有学到东西,又没有机会获得股权或者高额的薪水,特别是当这份工作既不有趣也没有意义时,你就应该果断辞职。那么,在职业生涯中,我们应该如何安排这些事情的优先顺序呢?我的建议是:
先学习,再赚钱,这是最佳策略。如果你试图颠倒这个顺序,先追求金钱,虽然你可能还是会学到一些东西,但学习的过程可能会很缓慢,而且你可能会错过一些重要的机会。这样做的代价可能会很高。更糟糕的是,你可能会陷入那种永无止境的物质追求中,就像在享乐主义的跑步机上不断奔跑。
请始终牢记,如果你在现在的岗位上既学不到东西又赚不到钱,那就应该及时规划你的出路,寻找一个能让你学习或赚钱的地方。
最后,我想引用蒂姆·库克谈及他从普通员工到苹果CEO这段职业旅程时说过的一段话:“ 对我来说,这段旅程完全是不可预测的。这让我想起林肯的一句名言:‘你唯一能做的,就是做好准备。’” 以下是中文稿件+英文稿件:你是在学习还是在赚钱?“你是在学习还是在赚钱呢?
如果两者兼顾,那你所处的境况很棒。如果只是侧重于其中一方面,那也不错。但要是两者皆无,那你就该做出改变了。不然就是在浪费生命。要么学习,要么赚钱。如果你聪明、勤奋、有能力,并且想要更多地了解如何取得成功,甚至想知道如何打造一家价值数十亿美元的初创企业,那就马上点击订阅并按下铃铛图标吧。
我们每周都会在这里分享相关内容。现在就让我们开始吧。”[音乐] 学习是你需要尽早尽快开启的事。擅长做事很重要,这意味着要么成为创造者(也就是从事设计、产品开发以及工程相关工作),要么成为实干者(从事管理、销售以及市场营销工作)。大多数刚开始职业生涯的人确实首先需要专注于学习。
我的朋友史蒂文・辛诺夫斯基说,这就好比是碳水化合物之前的蛋白质(先打好基础的意思)。好吧,你可能会问,那实际要怎么开始呢?首先要了解自己。你喜欢什么?你热衷于什么?什么能让你进入心流状态呢?其次,一旦你弄清楚了这些,你就需要去习得相应的技能。
一旦你知道自己热爱设计,你能花上一万个小时去让自己真正在这方面变得出类拔萃吗?嗯,如果你能回答好第一部分的问题,那第二部分就容易了,因为你甚至都不会感觉到这一万个小时的漫长,你只会沉浸于做这件事当中。“好吧,好吧,我懂了。不对,说真的,我具体该怎么做呢?
” 你可能会问。嗯,如果你想成为一名实干者,那你就得学会营销或者销售。营销就是帮助他人讲清楚他们面临的问题以及他们的解决方案为何是最佳的。如果你看到某个产品、网站或者服务,并且你觉得有可以改进的地方,那你就得自己动手去打造它、设计它或者撰写相关内容,然后给对方发一封冷邮件,提议帮他们做这件事,或者直接做好了发给他们。
而销售则是关于争取客户的事。
所以,主动去争取客户吧,甚至都不用问,把客户介绍给创始人,他们总会接受你的邮件的,也总会记住你。这是进入这个领域的好办法。另一方面,如果你是一名创造者,那你就得去动手创造。自己有能力去做这件事是很有力量的,而不用依赖他人。找到一个要解决的问题,然后打造出能解决该问题的首个版本。
在刚开始的时候,这个问题具体是什么其实可能并不重要。很多人在这一步上会纠结。他们等着找到那个完全完美的问题。但其实它只需要是一个你的软件确实能够解决的实际问题就行。我所见过的一些最优秀的创始人一开始是制作成绩册软件,这绝非偶然,因为当时他们还在上学,能接触到那些对成绩册感到不满的老师。
他们中的很多人后来并没有留在教育领域,而是在许多其他领域打造出了价值数十亿美元的公司,但他们是从制作成绩册软件的过程中学会了创造。这是个很好的经验教训。创造这件事,你只有通过实践才能学会。
所以不要让想法阻碍了你迈出第一步。一旦你创造出了某个东西,不管是什么,那就反复打磨让它能运转起来,把它变成真正出色的成果。当你创造出了让用户喜爱的亮眼成果时,这可比一纸证书有用多了。就算你没上过斯坦福大学也没关系,只要你能拿出自己创建的精美应用程序、网站或者有着精妙代码的 GitHub 代码库,那你就已经做出了一件几乎总能让你一开始就跻身前 10% 佼佼者行列的事,即便你没有相关证书。
我 14 岁的时候,通过拨打黄页上互联网板块的电话找到了我的第一份工作。我当时有一个获过设计奖的网站,是我初中地下报纸的网站。在那之后,我通过发冷邮件找到了我的第一份编程工作。这办法对我有用,对你也会有用的。以下是比尔・盖茨对于创造以及学习如何在这些方面变得出色所需要付出的努力的精准阐述。
“如果你花一万个小时做某件事,你就会在这件事上非常擅长。我觉得实际情况不完全是那样。实际情况是,大约做 50 个小时后,90% 的人就放弃了,因为他们不喜欢或者做得不好。然后再做 50 个小时,又有 90% 的人放弃了。
所以会不断出现这样的循环。而且你得足够幸运,同时还要足够狂热才能坚持下去。
所以最终能坚持一万个小时的人,可不只是单纯花了一万个小时去做这件事的人,而是多次做出选择并且被选中(坚持下来)的人。” 比尔・盖茨在这点上说的完全正确。所谓学习,就是你选择反复做同一件事,直至在这件事上变得出色,这就是一万个小时定律的意义所在。
接下来咱们谈谈赚钱的事。我所说的赚钱是什么意思呢?嗯,我指的是把钱装进自己的口袋。你实际能拿到手多少钱呢?我认为,最好的赚钱方式还是股权。要想赚大钱,你需要通过持有一家变得很值钱的公司的股份来创造真正的财富。在你创立公司之初,你拥有的是某个一文不值的东西的 100% 股权,但之后你把它变成了有价值的东西。
在我看来,这就是赚钱的最高形式,因为是你创造出来的价值。当然了,你也可以赚现金。脸书和谷歌会给工程师支付数十万美元的现金和股票。在高层,高管们赚到数千万甚至数亿美元也并不罕见。这很惊人。但要记住,谷歌的总营收超过了 1660 亿美元。如果除以 13.5 万名员工,那平均每名员工创造的营收超过了 120 万美元。
这是一种很棒的赚钱方式。但有时候也有个问题。要是你没在学习可怎么办呢?我得说,这只是我个人的看法,对我来说,我觉得我得不断学习新东西才行。不然我感觉自己就像行尸走肉一般。要是处在一个没办法学习新事物、没办法提升自己技能和能力的地方,我会非常不开心的。
话虽如此,咱们退一步来看,全球有数百万甚至数十亿人每天都在做这样的权衡,用一部分幸福感去换取财务上的稳定。我不是说这种情况不好,他们能够照顾好自己和所爱的人,这很重要。但如果你真的想白手起家去创造一番事业,那你就得小心了。你可能会陷入这样一个循环:
赚钱然后花钱去买更大的房子、更好的车子或者更昂贵的东西。随着时间推移,你会花越来越多的钱,不知不觉就陷入了 “享乐跑步机”(指不断追求物质享受却无法真正满足的状态)。而且花钱买自己其实并不想要的东西,棘手之处就在于这些东西并不能给你带来真正想要的满足感。
以下是哲学家艾伦・沃茨对此的精准论述。“钱永远买不来快乐,因为所有的快乐并非取决于放下金钱这种权力的象征,而是取决于自律。
换句话说,在我居住的索萨利托,我们有一个又一个码头,停满了各种漂亮的船只,摩托艇、帆船等等,但却没人使用,因为人们听信了广告宣传,以为买了这些东西就能获得快乐、拥有地位或者别的什么。但随后他们突然发现,拥有一艘船需要航海技能,这很难但却很有收获,结果就是没人有时间去摆弄船了,他们只是在周末的时候在船上开鸡尾酒会而已。
” 如果你知道自己想要创办一家初创企业,那就把钱攒起来。那艘船、那辆豪车或者那些昂贵的衣服很可能并不会帮你达成目标。如果你还年轻且比较节俭,那就不要改变自己的生活方式。你花出去的钱需要攒起来,这样你就能把时间投入到创办自己的初创企业或者打造自己的财富引擎上了。
我还要给你提个重要的醒。有时候,那些高薪但却感觉毫无意义的工作就是些虚职。以下是 “占领华尔街” 运动的知识分子大卫・格雷伯谈论这类工作存在原因的内容。“在苏联,人们过去常说,‘我们假装工作,他们假装给我们发工资’。他们会编造出一些完全没必要的工作。
这是说得通的,因为他们秉持着充分就业的理念。但另一方面,在资本主义社会,这本不该发生的呀。私营企业绝不会雇佣一个他们实际上并不需要的人,还给他高薪。但事实上,如果你和那些在大公司工作的人聊聊,就会发现这种情况经常发生。这是怎么回事呢?我觉得部分原因得归结于政治压力。
从某种程度上来说,就好比苏联有要求充分就业的中央指令,他们没说要去编造工作岗位,对吧?但也没说不要这么做。这不是很奇怪吗?” 有时候,工资越高,工作实际上可能越没意义。人就这一辈子,生命太短暂了,不要把时间浪费在那些你觉得没成就感的事情上,即便这些事可能会让你过得舒服些。
嘿,你得记住,如果你选择了一份自己热爱的工作,那你这辈子都不会觉得自己是在工作。如果你既没学到东西又不热爱这份工作,那等你赚够了钱可以跳槽的时候,或许就该离开了。现在咱们来谈谈学习和赚钱两者的关系。如果还不够明显的话,我得说,如果你创办一家公司或者能较早进入一家公司,那是最好不过的了,这样你就能在赚钱的同时学习。
对于创始人来说,这道理很简单。作为创始人,在你创立公司时,你拥有整个公司 100% 的股份。在那个时候,公司可能一文不值,但你要去把它变得有价值。如果你能成功实现产品与市场的契合,那你的公司可能会以数千万、数亿甚至数十亿美元的价格被收购。
到那时,如果你拥有公司 10% 到 30% 的股份,那你就有可能成为百万富翁甚至亿万富翁。这挺不可思议的。对于员工来说,你可能会拥有 0.25%(25 个基点)到 2% 甚至更多的股份。这仍然可能是个非常好的结果,而且你可能都不用冒太大的风险。
而且入职早意味着你虽然可能获得的股权少些,但公司可不是从一文不值的时候起步的呀。这仍然可能是笔很棒的买卖,尤其是如果公司发展得非常快的话。我在帕兰提尔(Palantir)工作的时候,我在学习如何管理团队以及如何从零开始打造产品,同时也在赚取后来成为一家价值 400 亿美元公司的股权。
我在 Y Combinator 工作的时候,我在学习如何成为一名投资者以及如何在最早阶段与初创企业合作,同时我也作为那家投资公司的一员赚取了硅谷最有价值的附带权益。而现在,作为我自己的风险投资公司的创始人和管理合伙人,我每天都在学习和赚钱。
我每天都能从所接触的创始人以及他们遇到的问题中学到东西。说到 YouTube,我做这个就是出于兴趣。我把这个频道的收益捐赠给像 “代码 2040” 这样的非营利组织。
所以在这里我虽然没赚钱,但从你们所有人身上学到了很多东西。
所以请继续留言和发私信吧。了解你们觉得有共鸣、对你们有帮助的内容,对我来说是最有助于学习的事了。
最后,有些地方你根本没办法学习或者赚钱。可能是在非科技公司、咨询公司工作,拿着低薪还没有股权,更糟糕的是,你可能在一家糟糕的初创企业工作。如果这说的就是你的情况,那真的很遗憾。我记得我大三那年在一家初创企业实习,我是通过斯坦福职业招聘会得到的这个实习机会,在那之前我从没在糟糕的初创企业工作过。
那是一家企业软件初创企业,融到了钱,但似乎从来没能拿下客户。创始人花了大量时间出差,我那个夏天做了很多工作,制作营销材料、模型、原型以及用于销售演示的截图,但他们一个单子都没谈成。整个夏天都是这样,我觉得他们从来就没谈成过生意。那家初创企业倒闭了,我没赚到多少钱,因为实习生本来工资就不高,而且我也没学到多少东西。
基本就是白干了一场。我吃了好多麦当劳,还看了好多香港电影。这差不多就是糟糕初创企业的隐秘真相了。我不想这么说,但如果你处在这样的情况中,那你就应该离开。如果你学不到东西,又没办法获得股权,甚至连一份不错的薪水都没有,而且这份工作还没什么乐趣、没什么意义,那你就得辞职了。
[音乐] 那么这些事到底该按什么顺序来做呢?以下是我的建议:先学习,再赚钱。这是最佳策略。如果你试图反其道而行之,先去赚钱,那你可能也还是会学习,但或许学得很慢,而且你都不知道自己会放弃什么。这可能会付出很大代价。而且你还可能陷入 “享乐跑步机” 的状态无法自拔。
永远要记住,如果你既没在学习也没在赚钱,那你就得计划好离开,去一个能让你学习或者赚钱的地方。我很喜欢蒂姆・库克谈论他从起步到成为苹果首席执行官这段历程时说的一段话。“对我来说,这段历程完全不可预测。嗯,这有点像林肯说的那句话,我认为你唯一能做的就是做好准备。
” 这就是本周的全部内容了。如果你想了解其他初创企业相关的话题,比如融资后该怎么做,或者如果你从没做过设计,想知道该如何入手,那就去看看我频道上最新的视频吧,我在里面深入探讨了这些话题以及很多其他内容。每周都会有新视频发布,所以别错过哦。
马上点击订阅并按下铃铛图标吧。打开 YouTube 的推送通知,这样我每次发布视频你都会收到提醒。感谢观看,咱们下周再见。Are You Learning or Earning?"Are you learning or are you earning?
If both,you're in a great place. If it's one or the other,that's good too. If it's neither,it's time to move on. You're wasting your life. Learn or earn. And if you're smart,
hardworking,capable,and want to learn more about being successful and maybe even how to build a billion-dollar startup,
click subscribe and hit the bell icon right now. It's what we do every week right here. Let's get started." Learning is where you need to start as early as possible and as quick as possible. It's important to become good at doing things,
and that means either being a maker (which means design,product,and engineering) or being a hustler (management,sales,
and marketing). The majority of people starting out in their careers really need to focus on learning first. My friend Steven Sinovsky says this is the protein before the carbs. All right,
you say. How do you actually start?Well, first is learning about yourself. What do you like?What do you enjoy?What allows you to enter a state of flow?
And then second,once you know that,you need to acquire those skills. Once you know you love design,can you spend the 10,000 hours it takes to become truly great at it?
Well,if you answer that first part,the second part comes easy because you won't even feel the 10,000 hours. You'll just love doing it. Okay,okay. I got it. No,really. What do I do?
You ask. Well,if you want to be a hustler,you got to learn to market or sell. Marketing is about helping other people communicate their problem and how their solution is the best. If you see a product,
website,or service that you like and you have some improvements you can suggest,you gotta build it or design it or write it yourself and then cold email them,
offer to do it,or just do it and send it to them. Sales,on the other hand,is about getting customers. So go get those customers without even asking. Send those customers to a founder,and they'll always take your email. They'll always remember you. It's a great way to break in. If you're a builder,
on the other hand,well,you've got to build. There's power in being able to do that yourself and not rely on others. Find a problem to solve and then build a first version that solves that problem. When you're starting out,
it sort of maybe doesn't even matter what that problem exactly is. A lot of people get hung up on this step. They wait for the exact perfect problem. It just has to be a real problem that your software can actually solve. It's no mistake that some of the best founders I've met started off by making gradebook software because they were still in school and they had access to teachers who were frustrated with their grade books. Many of them didn't stay in that education space. They ended up making billion-dollar companies in lots of other spaces,
but they learned to create in grade book software. It's a great lesson. Creating,you can only learn by doing. So don't let the idea get in the way of you starting. Once you create something,
anything,then iterate to make it work and turn it into something really good. When you create something impressive that users love,
it's better than a credential. It doesn't matter if you didn't go to Stanford. If you can point to a beautiful app or website or Github repo with elegant code that you created,
you have done a thing that will almost always set you up to be a top 10 percent player off the bat with no credentials. When I was 14,
I got my first job cold calling the yellow pages in the internet section. And what I had was a website I could point to that had won design awards. It was for my junior high school underground newspaper. You know,
after that,I cold emailed my way to my first coding job. It worked for me,and it'll work for you. Here's Bill Gates talking exactly about this,
what it takes to create and learn how to be great at those things. "If you spend 10,000 hours doing something,you'll be super good at it. I don't think that's quite uh,
it's quite as similar as that. What you do is you do about 50 hours and 90% drop out because they don't like it or they're not good. You know,
they do another 50 hours and 90% drop out. So there's these constant cycles. And you do have to be lucky enough but also fanatical enough to keep going. So the person who makes it to ten thousand hours is not just somebody who's done it for ten thousand hours. There's somebody who's chosen and been chosen in many different times." Bill Gates is absolutely right here. It's the 10,
000 hours where you choose to do the same thing over and over again until you become great at it. That is learning. Let's talk about earning. What do I mean by earning?
Well, I mean putting money in your pocket. What do you actually take home?The best way to do it,I think,is still equity. To make the most amount of money,
you need to create true wealth by owning the stock of a company that became worth a lot of money. And when you started it,
you owned a hundred percent of something that wasn't worth anything,but then you made it something. In my book,this is the highest form of earning because you made it. But of course,you can also earn cash. Facebook and Google pay engineers hundreds of thousands of dollars in cash and stock. And at the high end,
it's not unusual for execs to make tens or hundreds of millions of dollars. That's crazy. But remember that Google made over $166 billion in total revenue. If you divide that out by 135,
000 employees,that's over $1.2 million per employee in revenue. That's an amazing way to earn. But sometimes there's a catch. What if you're not learning?
I gotta say this is my opinion and my opinion alone,but for me,I feel like I need to be learning something. Otherwise,
I'm dying. I'd be pretty unhappy in a place where I didn't get to learn about new things or grow my skills and abilities. That being said,
let's take a step back. Millions if not billions of people on the planet make this trade-off every day,trading a portion of their happiness for financial stability. I'm not saying this is a bad situation. They can take care of themselves and their loved ones,
and that's important. But if you really want to take steps to create things from nothing,you got to be careful. You might end up in a cycle:
earn money to spend it to get a bigger house or car or nicer things. You'll spend more money and more money over time,
and before you know it,you're running on a hedonic treadmill. And the tricky thing about spending money to buy things that you don't want is they don't give you the satisfaction you really want. Here's philosopher Alan Watts talking about exactly that. "Money never could buy pleasure because all pleasures depend upon not putting down a symbol of power,
money,but upon disciplines. In other words,now in Sausalito where I live,uh,we have pier after pier full of fine boats,motor cruisers,sailing boats,
all sorts of things which nobody ever uses because they've been brought on the uh,falling for the ad line that if you buy this thing,you will have pleasure,
you will have status,you will have something or other. But then they suddenly discover that having a boat requires the art of seamanship which is difficult but rewarding. Therefore,nobody has time for it,and all they do with the boats is have cocktail parties on them at the weekend." If you know you want to create a startup,
save the money. That boat or nice car or expensive clothes probably won't get you all the way to where you want to be. If you're young and still thrifty,
don't change your lifestyle. That money you spend needs to be saved so that you can invest your time in creating your own startup or your own wealth engine. I have one other big warning for you. Sometimes these high-paying jobs that feel meaningless are jobs. Here's David Graber,
an intellectual of the Occupy Wall Street movement,talking about why some of these jobs exist. "In the Soviet Union,they used to say,well,
you know,we pretend to work and they pretend to pay us. They make up jobs which are completely unnecessary. That makes sense because they had an ideology of full employment. On the other hand,
capitalism,that's exactly the thing that isn't supposed to happen. A private firm would never hire someone and put out good money to someone who they don't actually need. But in fact,if you talk to people who work for large corporations,
they do it all the time. How does that happen?I think part of it has to be explained by political pressure. And in a way,
just as in the Soviet Union there was a central directive saying we need full employment. They didn't say,therefore,make up jobs,right?
But they didn't say don't do it. Isn't that weird?" Sometimes the more you get paid,the more meaningless the job actually becomes. You only get one life. It's too short to waste on things that you don't find fulfilling,
even though they might make you comfortable. Hey,you gotta remember,if you choose a job you love,you'll never have to work a day in your life. If you don't learn and you don't love it,you might have to leave once you earn enough to take the leap. Now let's talk about learning and earning. If it wasn't obvious already,
it's the best if you start a company or are early enough. You can learn while you earn. For founders,this is easy math. As a founder,when you start a company,
you start off with 100% of the pie. The pie might be worth zero at that moment,but you're gonna go make it worth something. If you do manage to get to product-market fit,
you could have a company with an exit in the tens of millions,hundreds of millions,or billions of dollars. If you own 10 to 30 percent of that company by then,
you could be a cent to millionaire to billionaire. That's pretty crazy. For employees,you might have 25 basis points (0.25%) up to 2% or more. It can still be an outrageously good outcome,
and you might not even have to take as big a risk. And being early means you might get less equity,but you're not starting at a point where the company is literally worth nothing. It can still be an amazing deal,
especially if the company is growing very fast. When I was at Palantir,I was learning how to run teams and how to build product from scratch,
but also earning equity in what ended up becoming a $40 billion company. When I worked at Y Combinator,I was learning to be an investor and learning how to work with startups at the earliest possible stage,
but I was also earning some of the most valuable carry that exists in Silicon Valley as a part of that investment firm. And I'm learning and earning every day now as the founder and managing partner of my own venture capital firm. I learn every day from founders that I get to meet and the problems that they run across. When it comes to YouTube,
I'm doing this for fun. I donate the proceeds from this channel to non-profits like Code 2040. So while I don't earn here,
I do learn a ton from all of you. So keep the comments and DMs coming. Hearing what resonates for you and helps you is what helps me learn the most of all. Finally,
there are places where you don't get to do learning or earning at all. It might be working at a non-tech company,a consulting firm,and you're getting no equity in a low pay or what's worse,
you might be working at a bad startup. Really sorry if that's true for you. I remember working for a startup as an intern my junior year of college. I got the internship through the Stanford career fair,
and I'd never worked at a bad startup before by then. It was an enterprise software startup that raised money but never seemed to close customers. The founders spent a lot of time on business trips,
and I did a lot of work that summer creating marketing material,mock-ups,and prototypes and screenshots to use in sales pitches,
but they didn't close an entire sale. My whole summer,I don't think they ever did. The startup died,and I didn't earn much because interns don't get paid a lot,
but I didn't learn very much either. It was basically a wash. I ate a lot of McDonald's and watched a lot of Hong Kong movies. This is sort of the secret truth of bad startups. And I hate to say it,
but if you're in a situation like that,you should leave. If you're not learning,you don't have a way to earn equity or even a good salary,
and especially if it's not fun or meaningful for you,you gotta quit. [Music] So what order do you do all these things in?
Here's what I recommend:learn first,then earn. That's the best strategy. If you try and do it in reverse and you try to earn first,
you'll probably still learn,but maybe slowly,and you don't know what you're going to give up. It might come at a great cost. And you also might get trapped in that hedonic treadmill. Always remember,
if you're not learning or earning,you got to plot your exit to a place where you can just to close it out. I like this snippet of Tim Cook talking about his journey from where he started to the CEO of Apple. "For me,
the journey was not predictable at all. Uh,and the it goes sort of back to the Lincoln quote. The only thing I believe you can do is prepare." So that's it for this week. If you want to learn about other startup topics like what to do after you raise money or how to do design if you've never done it before,
check out the latest videos on my channel where I dive into those topics and tons of other stuff. New videos here every single week,
so don't miss them. Click subscribe and the bell icon right now. Turn on notifications for YouTube,and you're gonna get a little notification every time I post. Thanks for watching,and I will see you next week.
亿万富翁分享最理想职业状态是边学习边赚钱。